想保护钱包不丢吗？携带婴儿图片吧

想保护钱包不丢吗？携带婴儿图片吧， 

想保护钱包不丢吗？携带dài婴儿图片吧

　　大连翻译职业学院英语学院　０７应用英语２班 　李欣新

　　Want to keep your wallet? Carry a baby picture

　　What would you do if you found a wallet on the street? Leave it? Take it to a police station? Post it back to the owner? Keep it, even?

　　The answer, scientists have found, depends rather more on evolution than morality.

　　Hundreds of wallets were planted on the streets of Edinburgh by psychologists last year. Perhaps surprisingly, nearly half of the 240 wallets were posted back. But there was a twist.

　　Richard Wiseman, a psychologist, and his team inserted one of four photographs behind a clear plastic window inside, showing either a iling baby, a cute puppy, a happy family or a contented elderly couple. Some wallets had no image and some had charity papers inside.

　　When faced with the photograph of the baby people were far more likely to send the wallet back, the study found. In fact, only one in ten were hard-hearted enough not to do so. With no picture to tug at the emotions, just one in seven were sent back.

　　According to Dr Wiseman the result reflects a compassionate instinct towards vulnerable infants that people have evolved to ensure the survival of future generations. “The baby kicked off a caring feeling in people, which is not surprising from an evolutionary perspective,” he said.

　　Scientists argue that it would be difficult to genetically code for feeling empathy exclusively towards your own child and much easier to code for feeling empathy towards all children. If you find a baby alone, there is a good chance it belongs to you, making it an effective evolutionary trait, said Dr Wiseman.

　　In the study, 40 wallets were sent out in each photograph category as well as 40 containing a card suggesting that the owner had recently made a contribution to charity. A control batch contained no additional item.

　　All of the wallets were stuffed with the same set of everyday items, including raffle tickets, discount vouchers, and membership cards. None of them contained money, however.

　　The wallets were mixed up randomly, and over a couple of weeks were secretly dropped on the streets in areas of high footfall, but well away from postboxes, litter bins, vomit, and dog faeces.

　　The researchers planted each wallet about a quarter of a mile apart to ensure that people would be unlikely to find more than one.

　　The baby photograph wallets had the highest return rate, with 88 per cent of the 40 being sent back. Next came the puppy, the family and the elderly couple, with 53 per cent, 48 and 28 respectively. At 20 per cent and 15, the charity card and control wallets had the lowest return rates.

　　Overall, 42 per cent of the wallets were posted back — more than the team had anticipated. “We were amazed by the high percentage of wallets that came back,” said Dr Wiseman.

　　Scientists have also found evidence for a baby instinct in brain scanning experiments. A recent study at the University of Oxford examined how people responded when they were shown photographs of baby or faces.

　　Even though all of the photographs were matched for attractiveness, activity in the section of the brain associated with empathy was much more responsive to the baby faces than to faces. The response happened too fast to be consciously controlled, according to the study.

　　Whatever the scientific explanation, the practical message is clear, said Dr Wiseman. “If you want to increase the chances of your wallet being returned if lost, obtain a photograph of the cutest baby you can find, and ensure that it is prominently displayed,” he said.

如果在街头您发现了一个钱包你会怎样做？离开？它带dài到警署shǔ？邮政它回到主人？请继续保持，甚至？

　　问题的de答案，科kē学家们已经发现，而是更gèng多地取决于演变比bǐ道德

　　数以百计的de钱包种zhǒng植的de街道上爱丁堡心理学家去年。也许令人惊讶的de是，将近一半的de240钱包被调回。但是，有一种zhǒng扭曲。

　　理查德怀斯曼是一名心理学家，和他的de团队之zhī一，把四sì分之zhī一钱包的de熟练透明窗口后照zhào片分别放入婴儿面带dài笑，一个可爱的de小狗，一个幸福的de家庭或心满意足老年夫fū妇。有些钱包没有图像或是一些慈善机构的de文件内。

　　当面临婴儿的de照zhào片的de人更gèng容易把钱包归还后，研yán究发现。事实上，只有拾分之zhī一是忍不这样做。如果没有图片，没有情感上的de纠结，只有七分之zhī一被送回。

　　据威斯曼博士的de结果反映了对脆弱的de婴儿人们已经形成富有同tóng情心的de本能，以确保后代的de生存。 “婴儿启动一个关怀互爱的de感觉，人的de这种zhǒng行为，从进化的de角度看这并不奇怪guài， ”他说。

　　科kē学家认为，这将是基因yīn代码的de困难，感觉同tóng情完全来自自己的de孩子，更gèng容易对所有儿童感到同tóng情代码。如果您发现婴儿就有一个很好的de机会是属于你，使之zhī成为一项有效的de进化特征，怀斯曼医生说。

　　在这项研yán究中， 包换huàn各种zhǒng摄影类的de照zhào片的de钱包40个钱包被送还，以及40个载有卡片暗示老板最近作出了贡献给慈善事业。控制其钱包没有额外的de东西。

　　所有的de钱包被塞满了同tóng样的de日rì常用品，包括奖券，折扣券，以及会员卡。但是，他们之zhī内没有载钱。

　　该钱包的de随机混合，并在几周内被秘密别扔到了街道上高地区的de，但远离邮箱，垃圾箱，呕吐，和狗的de粪便。

　　研yán究人员约四sì分之zhī一的de每一个钱包放置英里之zhī外，确保人民将不可能在周围找到一个以上。

　　婴儿照zhào片钱包有最高回报bào率，40个别放置的de钱包中百分之zhī八拾八的de被送回。接下来是小狗，家庭和老年夫fū妇，分别为百分之zhī五拾三，百分之zhī四sì是八和百分之zhī二拾八。在百分之zhī二拾和拾五日rì中，慈善机构和控制卡的de钱包是最低的de回报bào率。

　　总体而言，百分之zhī四sì拾二的de钱包被调回-超过他们的de预期。 “我们惊讶的de高比bǐ例的de钱包回来了”怀斯曼说。

　　科kē学家们还发现了婴儿本能的de脑扫描实验。最近的de一项研yán究在牛津大学的de研yán究人们如何回应时，显示的de照zhào片，孩子或成人的de脸。

　　即使所有的de照zhào片匹配的de吸引力，活动的de一节中的de大脑与同tóng情更gèng是顺应婴儿面临着比bǐ成人的de脸。反应发生得太快，以有意识地控制，根据这项研yán究。

　　无论科kē学的de解释，实际的de信息是明确的de，医生说怀斯曼。 “如果你想增加你丢失的de钱包被送回的de机会，获得可爱的de孩子的de照zhào片，您可以找到，并且确保它是显眼的de， ”他说。

　　　　（原文出处：）